Copper
Gécamines and the Battle for Congo’s Copper
From Union Minière and nationalization to collapse, joint ventures and mineral trading, the history of Gécamines mirrors the history of Congo’s copperbelt.
Copper
From Union Minière and nationalization to collapse, joint ventures and mineral trading, the history of Gécamines mirrors the history of Congo’s copperbelt.
Mining
Child labour is real in DRC artisanal mining, but copper-cobalt output is dominated by industrial mines. The larger issue is who captures the mineral rent.